Timor Island is an island in the southern part of the archipelago, divided between the independent state of Timor Leste and the territory of West Timor. part of the province of East Nusa Tenggara in Indonesia.

The area of ​​Timor Island is about 30,777 km². The name of the island is taken from the word 'timor', Malay for 'east'; so named because it is located at the eastern end of the chain of islands.

West Timor is the territory that covers the western part of the island of Timor, except for the Oecusse District (an exclave belonging to Timor Leste). Administratively, West Timor is part of the Province of East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. The capital city as well as the main port is Kupang. The area of ​​West Timor is 16,264.78 km². The highest peaks are Mount Mutis (2,427 meters above sea level) and Mount Lakaan (1,600 meters above sea level).

The main languages ​​of West Timor, namely Dawan, Marae, and Tetun, as well as several other imported languages, such as Kemak, Bunak and Helong from the Proto and Deutero Malay language groups, are also spoken in Timor Leste. The other three languages ​​spoken only locally of the Austronesian language group of the Fabron branch are Ndao, Rote and Sabu.

West Timor was a refugee camp in 1998-2002, due to the protracted East Timor (Timor Leste) Conflict. Some of the cities that have the most population are Kupang City with a population of more than 400,000 people, Atambua City with a population of more than 86,000 people, Kefamenanu City with a population of more than 40,000 people, Soe City with a population of more than 40,000 people. The average population in Atambua City has East Timorese blood flow.

During the colonial period, this area was called Dutch Timor and became the center of Dutch fighters during the Indonesian War of Independence (1945 - 1949). In 1950, Dutch Timor changed to Indonesian Timor. The name West Timor was used in 1975, when Indonesia occupied Portuguese Timor (East Timor).

In West Timor there are also 2 airports, namely El Tari International Airport, in Kupang and A. A. Bere Talo Airport, in Atambua.

Also, there are several ports in West Timor. The main and public port is Tenau Port in Kupang, while there is also Atapupu Port in Atambu, Wini Port in Kefamenanu, and several other ports.